WHAT TO EXPECT DURING THE TRIMESTER OF PREGNANCY AND HEALTH CARES FOR PREGNANCY
INTRODUCTION Congratulations! The miracle of life is taking place right inside your body. Enjoy these months and take care of yourself. While every pregnancy is different, the issues covered here will more than likely be important to you at some point in your forty-week term.
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TY Bello & husband welcome twin boys after 9 years of marriage
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Hot photos: Pregnant Kelly Rowland strips for Elle magazine


"I just plan to play it by ear. Everybody has their normal. And sometimes, award shows are a part of that. I have girlfriends who have that experience, and they'll say 'You know, I just really didn't want to be without my child today.' And it's just that simple. It's about finding your normal, whatever that may be."See more photos after the cut...
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Guide to Pregnancy Hormones
Luteinizing Hormone and Follicle Stimulating Hormone
Although these hormones are inactive during pregnancy itself, you wouldn't be in this amazing altered state called pregnancy if it weren't for the crisp conceptual choreography of luteinizing hormone (LH) and its partner, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). Both hormones are produced by the pituitary gland in the brain and act early in life to mature the ovaries (and the testes in men); later on, they're the caretakers of your 28-day (give or take) menstrual cycle.
First to the gate is FSH: At the beginning of the cycle (just as the last of your old uterine lining is sloughed away in your period), FSH stimulates one of your ovaries' egg-bearing follicles to ripen its cargo and start making the hormone estrogen. Estrogen tells the uterine lining to begin rebuilding and eventually shuts down further secretion of FSH. At the same time, estrogen sets off a blast of luteinizing hormone, bursting the follicle and releasing the egg. The splayed-apart follicle now becomes a structure called the corpus luteum, or "yellow body"; it pumps out the hormone progesterone, which fine-tunes the ripening of the uterus and inhibits LH. Now on its own, the egg makes its way down the fallopian tubes to await the arrival of sperm. If no suitors are successful, it's down and out, leaving your body with your period. But if a sperm cell and the egg do rendezvous, the game is on.
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG)
You probably didn't recognize it at the time, but you'd come face-to-stick with the hormone hCG the day that little plus sign showed up on your home pregnancy test. It's manufactured by the cells of the newly developing placenta within days after the fertilized egg implants in the uterine lining and gets the hormonal ball rolling by stimulating the corpus luteum to pump out even more estrogen and progesterone. HCG is found in your urine and your blood, which explains why you can pee on a stick to see if you're pregnant — and why your practitioner may run a blood test to find out for sure. The hormone increases rapidly in the first few months (if you're carrying more than one baby, even more will be chugging through your bloodstream), and your practitioner may check its levels to monitor your baby's progress.
The cause of morning sickness: If morning sickness has you sidelined — morning, noon, night, or all of the above — you can also blame the hormone hCG. Surging quantities in the first trimester contribute to your queasiness. Many researchers say it is no coincidence that morning sickness usually subsides around the same time that hCG levels start to decrease, which is around the beginning of the second trimester, when the placenta takes over production of estrogen and progesterone. Talk to your doctor about the newly FDA-approved drug, Diclegis, which is used to treat the condition of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP). Peeing all the time? Blame hCG. And if you're catching every cold and flu within sniffing distance, you have hCG to thank: It suppresses your immune function to reduce the chance that your body will reject the baby.
Nausea During Pregnancy (Morning Sickness During Pregnancy)
That nauseous, queasy feeling in your stomach, which can sometimes lead to vomiting — so innaccurately dubbed morning sickness, because it can hit at any time of the day or night, especially in the first trimester of pregnancy.
What causes it?
Some unknown combination of hormones, increased stress, and other body changes (such as a keener sense of smell, or that metallic taste during pregnancy) can seem to conspire against a pregnant woman, especially in the early months. Nausea during pregnancy could be caused by the increased level of the pregnancy hormones hCG and estrogen circulating in your body, or the relaxation of the muscles of the digestive tract (making digestion less efficient) due to rising progesterone levels, or the rapid stretching of the uterine muscles. Skipping meals and your pregnancy food aversions also can contribute to the empty and nauseous feeling.
What do I need to know?
If you're among the majority of pregnant women who experience morning sickness, you already know the bad news: That while nausea during pregnancy often starts in the morning, it can stay with you 24/7, for weeks, or even months. The good news: For the vast majority of expectant moms, the worst of it is over by weeks 12 to 14. The better news: Nausea tends to be worse in first pregnancies. If you're planning to have a second child, odds are in your favor that you won't feel as sick. The best news of all: Morning sickness won't hurt your baby. In fact, women who do experience some nausea during pregnancy are significantly less likely to miscarry than women who don't experience any (though most women have healthy babies, whether or not they experience morning sickness).
If your nausea is continuous and severe and you vomit several times a day, make sure to see your doctor. You may have a more serious condition, hyperemesis gravidarum, which sometimes requires additional treatment to protect both you and your baby.
What can I do about morning sickness?
- You may also want to talk to your doctor about taking Diclegis, a new drug approved by the FDA to treat the medical condition of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP), commonly known as morning sickness. You'll likely be prescribed to take two tablets daily at bedtime, and if your symptoms are not mitigated, your dose can be increased to a maximum of four tablets daily with the approval of your doctor.
- Follow the Pregnancy Diet. Concentrate on that dynamic duo, protein and complex carbs, which are good for keeping nausea at bay — especially when eaten in combo.
- For now, stick to foods that appeal, even if it's the same foods over and over and over again. Avoid eating (or seeing, or smelling, or even thinking about) any dishes that trigger the queasies (spicy, fatty, and acidic foods may be particularly challenging, as well as anything with a strong aroma). Chances are you'll be able to find a few healthy foods that you can keep down (or at least contemplate coming fork-to-face with) — and that will take care of most of your nutritional requirements until a more varied diet becomes palatable. Don't worry too much about getting your Daily Dozen in the short term, since your baby (and his or her needs) is pretty tiny now. And remember, that no one food has a monopoly on any one nutrient — so if you turn green at the thought of anything green, get your vitamin fix from a sweet, juicy cantaloupe instead.
- Be a grazer. Eat six to eight small meals throughout the day rather than three large squares — when your tummy's empty, the acids have nothing to nibble on but its lining, which increases nausea during pregnancy. Plus, smaller meals are easier to digest — and less likely to trigger the queasies (or to overflow via vomiting).
- Eat in bed. Stock up your nightstand with trail mix, crackers, and cold cereal — and raid it last thing at night (so that your tummy won't be completely empty when you wake) and first thing in the morning (to stop those queasies before they start). You can even have a little nocturnal nibble if (or rather, when) you wake up in the middle of the night to pee. Focus on fluids — which are always more important than solids in the short term (particularly if you've been vomiting). They may also be easier to get down (and keep down) than solids — so try drinking your nutrients in soup, shakes, and smoothies.
- Try foods with ginger (shown in more than one scientific study to reduce nausea and vomiting in pregnancy), such as ginger snaps, real ginger ale, ginger tea, ginger candies, or ginger drinks.
- Go for the old standby, saltines, if nothing else seems to satisfy the nausea in you.
- Take your prenatal vitamin in the evenings, and make sure it's iron-free, at least until the morning sickness during pregnancy passes. Take it with a meal and consider a coated or chewable one which may agree with your stomach more. Ask your practitioner about taking vitamin B6, which is linked to stress reduction and nausea relief. If you're really not feeling well, you can consult with your doctor about taking pregnancy-safe nausea medication which was approved by the FDA in 2013. However, the same drug was pulled off the market 30 years previous, and while studies have since found the main side effect is simply drowsiness, this is still something to be aware of as you talk over your options with your practitioner.
- Try acupressure (including seasickness or Relief bands), which has been shown to lessen nausea during pregnancy.
- Try any of the classic stress-reduction techniques, like meditation or prenatal yoga. Or explore acupuncture, which also has been shown to reduce nausea in some women.
The Prepregnancy Diet
2. Junk the junk food. Reduce refined sugars and white flour (in the form of your usual suspects — cookies, doughnuts, Danish, cake, candy, and almost anything else you might grab from the vending machine, the coffee cart, the convenience store racks, the pastry shop display case…you get the picture). Slash saturated fats (sub a side salad for the fries; grilled chicken for the extra crispy) — less is better for your baby, plus a high intake of such fats appears to increase the risk of severe pregnancy nausea and vomiting. (Uh, thanks but no thanks.)
3. Relish the right stuff. Increase all the good things that your body (and your baby-to-be's body) needs: green leafies (those delicious salads), yummy yellows (apricots, carrots, papaya, mango), hearty whole grains (whole-wheat bread, brown rice, oatmeal), and low-fat dairy. (Got milk? Yogurt? Cheese? You should!)
4. Stop being a meal skipper. Are you always more interested in catching the train than breaking for breakfast? Working through lunch instead of eating it? Skip a meal when you're eating for two (which you soon will be) and baby skips it too. Get into the three-squares habit now so that when baby's on board, he or she will be getting a steady supply of nutrients throughout the day.
5. Take a clear-eyed look at your dietary habits. Might any of them stand in your way of eating well? Do you think you might have an eating disorder that needs prepregnancy treatment, such as anorexia nervosa or bulimia? Are you on a restricted diet (either self-imposed or due to a chronic condition) that might need to be adapted once you're eating for two, such as macrobiotic, vegan, or diabetic? Now's the time to discuss any of these factors with your practitioner — and to enlist the help of a dietitian if your eating habits need reshaping. Support groups (especially in the case of an eating disorder) can also help you get your nutritional status back where it should be.
Learn how decreasing your caffeine intake can increase your chances of conception.
If you're interested in boosting your fertility, these tips — on everything from foods you should eat to natural treatments you can try — may help speed your path to pregnancy.
Some fertility-boosting tactics just make good sense. For instance, it’s important to have a healthy lifestyle (which includes eating a nutritious prepregnancy diet ) at all times, but especially when you’re expecting to expect, since a healthy lifestyle will prime your body for conception and help prepare it for the baby-making marathon it’s about to undergo (aka pregnancy). Other fertility-boosting tactics may not seem as obvious to you (like trying natural fertility treatments such as acupuncture, hypnosis, or chiropractic), yet they may turn out to be exactly what you need to conceive. And then, there are still other baby-making strategies that may need some clarification. For instance, when it comes to getting pregnant, old wives’ tales and rumors run rampant on the Internet (e.g., do you really need to lie down with your legs up after sex in order to conceive?), and you’d be wise to read up on what’s fact and what’s fiction before you pin your hopes on any one tactic.
Of course, in looking for ways to improve your pregnancy odds, you also don’t want to forget about a very important part of the baby-making equation: Your partner. (Hey, this isn’t all on you!) What can he do to make sure his health and his little swimmers are in tip-top shape for conception? What foods should he eat and what activities should he avoid? You can find the answers to all of these questions and much more in this section. Read on to learn what you can do to increase your odds of getting pregnant.
Find out how you can boost your fertility naturally.
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